A small Polish city of around 10,000 residents, Oswicim, who was captured by the German Vehramachat in 1939, changed and named the Aushwitz. In 1941, the Nazis founded the largest German destruction camp in the region, the Aushwitz-Berkeneau concentration camp.
By the end of January 1945, the Nazis killed at least 1.1 million people in the Aushwitz. Most of them were Jews, but countless thousands of people were Roma and Sinti, disabled people, gay, political prisoners and members of other minority groups. Why here? Why Aushwitz? International Aushwitz Committee (IAC) vice -president Christof Hebner told DW in an interview, “The site was chosen as its central place in Europe, where it was easy to reach by train. There was such logical consolidation,” International Aushwitz Committee (IAC) there The Vice President of Kristoff Habner told DW in an interview.
Industrial murder bookkeeping
Logistics were important. They wanted it to be done quickly and killed more and more people. The killers were good at planning in mass murder, along with the bookkeeping of death. The German mass murder of various groups of people began long ago. Soon after the German attack on Poland in early 1939, there were several large -scale firing in Eastern Europe. Thesis crimes are also well documented.
Once Hitler’s Germany and his forces were under control of large parts of Europe, the Jews were completely erased. To plan this, on January 20, 1942, a meeting was held in a villa at the Venasi Lake Vanasi west of Berlin, then in a villa for police and SS guesthouse. A group of 15 men of Nazi rule met for an hour and half to clarify and customize the collective exile and murder of European Jews. One of the participants, SS top officer Rudolf Lang ordered shooting more than 900 Jews near Riga, a day before Berlin’s visit.
Visitors of the house of the Wannsee Conference Reimbrence Site, who examined the only living transcript of the 90 -minute meeting, will not find the words “murder” or “murder” anywhere. Only the “final solution” is a matter of – but everyone involved knew what it meant. Therefore, it was planned that further exemption camps were established. And in March 1942, exile trains from many parts of Europe left for murder sites in Poland. Jewish people “disappeared.”
Train to death
The plan noted the second aspect. For many rail routes platforms in Germany and Europe, Aushwitz was the last stop. The Aushwitz-Berkenau Extraction Camp had its own railway line. After exiting the vehicles, the prisoners were forced to move the ramp. Many were sent directly from the ramp to the gas chambers to be killed, while others were first sent to the concentration camp as laborers.
Memorial sites have been installed in many German cities to remember the exile of death camps such as Cologne, Stutgart, Hamburg and Visbaden. The “Track 17” monument is very well known at the Gunwald Train Station in Berlin. It is often visited by politicians and other official delegations. Around 35 trains took 17,000 Jews to Aushwitz-Birkenau, who left the station alone.
Therefore, the Jews and other groups are used by the Nazis to take other groups in many other European countries to the Aushevitz and other camps, often in cattle cars. Trains came from Central and Eastern Europe, as well as France, Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, Hungary, Greece, Balkan, Croatia, Bulgaria and Macedonia.
Anita Laskar-Volphis from Bracelau, celebrated in July 2025, came to Aushwitz by train as a girl and was lucky to escape the camp because she could play Cello and so she was so in “Girls’ Need. “Orchestra.” From December 1943 to November 1944, she was in Aushwitz before being in Bergon-Belsen concentration camp. In 2018, he spoke in the recall hours for the victims of the National Socialism of the German Bundestag. “If you are not sent directly to the gas chamber on arrival, you do not live longer in Aushwitz anyway – most in three months.” His music skills gave him a chance to survive.
“There is a great multiple transport, and it happened that the cremation V could not fit all those who arrive on transport,” Laskar-Volphisk said. “Those who were not fit in the gas chambers were shot. In many cases, people threw it into the burning pits while alive. I also saw.” Auschwitz-Birkenau was a murder machine. With industrial oven.
Glasses and human hair
Visitors of Aushwitz spend time in barracks today, stunned from scary. Meter-high stacks of large piles of human hair, glasses, prostheses and individual accessories. Earlier testimony to murders.
On 27 January 1945, the Sainik of Red Army arrived at the camp. Christoph Habner, who has been with many leftover people as a long -time vice -president of the Oushyvitz Committee, summarized his accounts: “It was a moment to calm down. Liberator, Ukraine, Russia and others of Soviet Union Young soldiers of former republics.
‘Sarasar Inhumanity’
A number was given to the prisoners of Aushwitz, which the Nazis gave a tattoo on their arms. And the sheer of the place, unimaginable inhumanity is something. “The most unimaginable crimes against innocent people gradually emerged in the open. What is the limit of devastation is out of understanding,” Laskar Walphis told Bundestag in 2018.
“It was a state of state organized crime,” says Hebner. “And the crime was installing an industrial system to kill people.” It took time for decades a decades ago against the process of facing the horrors of Aushwitz in Germany. Some of the last witnesses are still alive today.