In late February 2022, Russian soldiers crossed the border in Ukraine, began a war, three years later, one of the most deadly and most devastating in the 21st century.
Ukrainian and neighboring states and colleagues have seen scary as war. But surprisingly some universally agreed on data for the complete range of destruction. The number of slain citizens has been reduced to the most reduced in the wide range of toll estimates of death, and the information that Ukraine and Russia’s governments have officially released are to verify independently in the chaotic state of war. It is different.
DW has surveyed data sources that documentation of systematically through transparent functioning.
Although the battlefields may appear to be frozen, fighting Lives fierce
After becoming a rapid aggressive in early 2022, Russian troops were defeated in Southeast Ukraine, where the ware continues the most intense combat. With “strict shortage of infantry soldiers” to leave Ukraine Struggling to catch the area that has been withdrawn, Russia has recently started moving again., According to Associated Press,
In the last three years, a combination of several methods is required to track incremental changes on the battlefield. Institute for the study of warFor example, satellite uses observation, combat footage, official military reports and mobile devices location data.
Including Crimea, which Russia illegally attached illegally in 2014, and the eastern region of Donnetsk and Luhanskas, which was a hero hero by the Kremlin-supported insurance, Russia controlled 22% of the Ukrainian region in March 2022. , After seizing, after confiscation 90,000 square kilometers (35,000 sq mi) in the early days of his invasion.
By November 2022, Ukrainian soldiers were cured 25,000 square kilometers, or about 4%of the total area of the country. However, after the agreed advantage in the end of 2024, Russia now controls around 18.5% of the Ukrainian region, or more than 111,000 square.
Low shelling, more drone attacks and gun fighting
Now with the heaviest battle in the southeast, the dynamics of war have changed.
According to the armed conflict place and event data (ACLED), the organization that monitors news coverage and military reports from Ukraine and Russia, was carried out in most attacks in early stels of invasion – that, with heavy weapons and Artlani , Search as search. Tanks, missiles and mortars.
As the military aid has decreased in Ukraine and the country’s anti-aerial capabilities have decreased in the same way, AsRussia began using a rapid air strike in January 2024. Drone has been employed more often,
News agency Reuters reported The fighter drone that can be made for low as $ 500 (€ 480) can cause major damage to multimilian dollars artillery units searching as tanks. Due to this development, heavy artillery units have returned from the front lines.
Acted found that the fight with the Close-range gunfire exchanges (“armed clashes”) has increased as Russian soldiers have gradually broken through Ukraine’s defense and have earned old benefits in the southeast.
The number of people killed is huge – and many are suffering citizens
In December, Ukrainian President Volodimir Zelancesi said 43,000 Ukrainian soldiers and 198,000 Russian soldiers were killed in a fight of nearly three years. Find media outfits Economist, Russian service of BBC And The Wall Street Journal Has reported their own figures, all of which oppose each other to some extent.
The Upsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), a research group located at the University of Upsala, Sweden, has monitored reports from news organizations, NGOs and other research institutes by compiling and veating global citizens and fighter deaths in conflicts in the 1980s. UCDP estimates that 174,000 to 420,000 people have been killed during Russia’s three years, in Ukraine.
More information about how these figures are compiled. Here,
Civil deaths were severely reduced
There is no execution on the total number of citizens killed in the war.
The Office of the High Commissioner of the United Nations (OHCR) has verified about 12,500 civilians killed in Ukraine since the onset of the fight. This number only matters the deaths confirmed through limited field tour and interview, or is supported by reliable documentation search in the form of forensic records or medical data.
Most of the victims were killed in early 2022, but again in 2024 began a rapid growth. As OHCHRAll the victims were killed by firing, missiles, rockets, air strikes and drone attacks in dense residential AEAS.
Officials have said that the inability to work in Russia and lack of access to publicly available information within the country have stopped OHCHR’s capacity to verify the reports of civil deaths. Verification of reports in Russian occupied area within Ukraine So it has been Hindit.
Russia has targeted civil structures
Civil infrastructure has been destroyed in Ukraine. Search Journalism Organization Bellingcat has used Online footage to map Destruction since the onset of war.
Through January 2025, Belingcat verified independently and classified more than 2,000 examples of damage to civil structures, including education and health care facilities – which must be protected under the International Humanitarian Act.
As the Belingcat depends on the existing footage and a broader verification protocol, it has been documented as the number of confirmed structures and the possibility of documenting.
Large displacement was created
Estimated 10 million people have fled from their homes and are now displayed in Ukraine or abroad.
The United Nations High Commissioners of the United Nations track the number of displaced people worldwide using governments, regional UNHCR offices and data provided by non -governmental organizations.
According to the 2024 data of UNHCR, about 3.7 million people are internally displaced with Ukraine. One and 6 million are currently living abroad as refugees, most of them are in European countries such as Poland and Germany.
Edited by: Gianna Grün, Irina Schöll, Milan Gagnon
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