“The bet may not be too much,” a senior UN official told reporters before the United Nations Climate Summit in New York. Heavy floods, drowns and anytime for a long time have been some of some extreme weather events, which have defeated communities alone in the last summer.
The United Nations official said that climate disasters are “wreaking havoc” on every continent.
Scientists say that human-borne global warming is increasing the change in the Earth’s climate and the rising temperature will mean a worse effect in a long time.
To try to deal with the climate crisis, world leaders agreed to limit the average global temperature rise below 2 ° C (3.6 ° F), pursuing efforts to cap at 1.5 degrees.
The deal was sealed under the 2015 Paris Agreement, in which countries were promised to renew and communicate their commitments through a so -called NDC, or nationally prescribed contribution, every five years.
The 2035 NDC deadline took place in February, but some of the 195 parties have completed this date. There is pressure on nations to come forward with their commitments this week.
Large climate emitters are falling back
International COP 30 Climate Summit with less than two months before the introduction of the Climate Summit, in Balem, Brazil, only 47 countriesWas distributed its climate goals by the time of publication , Representing only 24% of global emissions.
Large emitters including the European Union and India are still among them to present their national goals. Some nations that have carried forward domestic goals such as Australia and Japan have criticized Bex for not showing strong ambitions and to do their proper part.
Many countries expect countries to come forward with proposals. More than 100 countries have registered to speak United Nations Climate Summit,Place on the occasion of the United Nations General Assembly meeting in New York.
So, what are the countries promising? And what does it mean to take action on global warming?
European Union: Climate Leader?
With conflict on its borders, a general political change for economic problems and rights in some member states, agreeing to a united response to the climate crisis has proved to be difficult for the 27-state block.
A few days before the Climate Summit, the European Union indicated that it would be a time limit fixed for the prescription of the COP30 Brazilian President to submit its NDC before the end of September, instead of issuing that one to issue a statement of intent.
The document indicated BLOC’s commitment to carry forward a climate target before the November conference with a decrease ranking 2035 Greenhouse gas between 66.25% and 72.5% compared to the 1990 levels.
Regional Director Stentze Wan Velhovan, the regional director for Europe at the World Resource Institute, said the statement shown “scope for progress”, taking the risk by sending “a misleading message, sending a misleading message, erasing investors confidence jobs, energy security and competition.”
Proposal to reduce EU Greenhouse Gas EmissionBy 2040, working for some time up to 90%, but has not yet been obtained by the states of all members. Experts say the target of 2035 will have an impact on that goal.
“Pathway matters: if the European Union lands downs at the border, such as 66.3%, the final stretch of up to 90% will be a standing and above climb after just five years. This long -term policy does not provide reliability that investors and companies need,” said Wan Weldhavan.
China: Green Energy Giants
The world’s largest emitter, China, produces one -third of all greenhouse gas emissions and is under pressure to set an amabitios domestic shortage target.
However, the pledge to cut emissions up to 7-10% from peaks is “both underestrising and transformative,”, “both,” Andreas Seber, Associate Director of Policies and Campaign at Climate Group 350.org, said in a statement.
He said that the shortage is “what the world needs.“But noted that this” anchor The world’s largest emitter on one way Clean-technical definition economic leadership. ,
Talking to DW before the target announcement, director Lee Sho China Climate Hub said a decision -making factor at Asia Society Policy Institute China’s NDC was likely to return to the US from the European Union failure and Paris Agreement in presenting its goals on time.
,I think that in general those factor will introduce challenges for high ambition, “Heer said.
The new Chinese target uses the country’s peak emissions as baseline, with all possibilities The nation has already reached its extreme emissions or will do so.
ETSpeaking before the announcement, Xperts, which was done by Chinese President Xi Jinping at a video address at the climate summit, said that China was like a low pledge, it was a commitment that the country meets wild and even shooting.
“In the case of China, when they come with a goal, it is something they are real, to complete the real,” Sophia Gonzalas-Zuniga, senior climate policy analyst of climate analytics, told DW. “In a way it may not happen that it is not most ambitious, but we may have a certain level of belief that they want what they are promising.”
According to the Global Energy Think Tank, China is still the world’s largest investor in the world, which has reached about $ 625 billion in 2024. Amber,And Shuo said that there is no possibility of change.
Brazil: Hosts the most?
As the host of the COP30 Climate Conference, Brazil has investigated its domestic goals.
By 2035, its plan to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions between 67% from 2005 by 2035 was criticized by experts, who said the discovery discovered a range of uncertain and weak accountability.
The plan has caught fire on the plan to expand the discovery of oil in the country, especially around the mouth of the Amazon River.
However, Gonzalas-Zuniga stated that Brazilians add clarity by reducing cuts in more specific areas to reduce the recently published national strategy, for example, agriculture and deforestation, which are responsible for the three councils of the country’s gas emissions.
United Kingdom: Original Gangster
The Great Britain was the first country to begin the Industrial Revolution, a period in history dating back in the mid -1700s, when fossil fuels were first burnt to electrical industrial processes.
As one of the country with the highest cumulative emissions , America, European Union countries and China Emit the most overall after China , Some experts argue that it is a special responsibility to reduce its emissions quickly.
And it seems that the country of the former European Union has stepped up. With timely presenting its NDC, the UK government has promised to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 81% compared to the 1990 level.
“They can be with a goal, which will align a 1.5-degree, in terms of their domestic emission cuts.
However, this is not as simple as that. Britain still needs to bridge the gap between the promises and the policies that should be placed to fulfill the vows.
There is more more. According to the Carbon Action Tracker website, UK Responsibility moves forward Compared to domestic cuts just.
Gonzalas-Zuniga said, “It is their responsibility to provide climate finance to developing countries to reduce emissions outside their boundaries, to be able to say that they are contributing properly to reduce emissions.”
Indonesia: Exclusion of fossil fuels
A high emitter in the global south, experts say that the climate is to see the goal due to Indonesia.
Along with the harvesting of important forests contributing to fossil fuel dependence and emissions, the island nation produces more than 3% of all global greenhouse gas, but it can be about changing.
President Prabovo Subino has promised to phase out fossil fuel and coal-power plants within the next 15 years and wanted to reach the net zero by 2050, which is a decade ago than before.
The country has not yet presented its new domestic goals.
United States: Dropout
Former US President Joe Biden presented a climate target for the United States last year, promising to reduce carbon emissions by 61% and by 2035 to 66% compared to the 2005 levels.
Since then, however, President Donald Trump has withdrawn the agreement with American, to zero the necessary commitment. In a recent report, experts said that the country had experienced it “The most sudden change in energy and climate policy in recent memory “.
Nevertheless, despite the policy U-turn, the report estimates that the US is still on a route to reduce its greenhouse gas by 26–35% by 2035.
Speaking of the Paris Agreement, Gonzhalase-Zuniga said that with an increase in the estimated temperature by the end of the century, some success has been achieved.
However, he said: “We have always stressed that it was not in line with the actual goal of 1.5, so there is still emission interval that we are working together.”
This article was replaced to update China’s declared climate goals
Edited by: Sara Stephen