1. Nobel Prize and Curie Dynasty
Mary Curie is unique As the only person to receive Nobel prices in two different natural science-physical sciences in 1903 and Nobel Prices in Chemistry in 1911. Her husband, Pierre, was a co-owner at her first Nobel Prize.
Mary Curie won prices for her groundbreaking work on radioactivity, and to discover new elements.
His daughter, Ireen Jolieot-CoreyThe tradition continued when she receives the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935, with her husband, Frederick, for the discovery of artificial radioactivity – the production of artificial radioactive isotopes in the laboratory.
In two generations, the Curie family became one of the most famous Nobel Prize -winning dining dynasties in the history of science, accumulating a total of five Nobel prices.
2. A precious promise: Mylva Maric and Albert Einstein
In his 1919 divorce Setland, Albert Einstein promised his then wife, Mylva Mary, that he would give her the future Nobel Prize prize money-when Einstein had to win the award till now.
When Einstein finally won the Nobel Prize in 1921, he transferred the money as promised, leading to a certain financial security for herself and her children.
3. Einstein contradiction: no award for the principle of relativity
The Nobel Prize Committee repeatedly rejected Einstein’s principle of relativity as it looked too much and theoretical for them; He liked the experimental evidence.
It was only under pressure from the international scientific community that Einstein received its 1921 Nobel Prize – not for the principle of relativity, but for its theory of photoelectric effects, which could be measured and verified.
Even at the award ceremony, where the Nobel Committee presented its justification for the award, they refrain from mentioning Einstein’s fundamental principle about the law of gravity and are in relation to the forces of nature. They kept rejecting it. But this scientists have still shaped the attitude of many aspects of the natural world.
4. Mythology
A popular myth is that Alfred Nobel chose not to support an award for mathematics because his wife had a relationship with a mathematician.
That story is false; Nobel never married.
It is more admirable that Nobel did not see mathematics as “useful to humanity” – one of the criteria for the award – and so left it from its foundation.
In 1901, the first Nobel prices were awarded. To date, people wonder why there is no award for mathematics and, recently, computer science.
5. This is a man’s award: unseen women researchers
What instruments were honored in search of lise meitner nuclear fragmentation, but rather than Nobel Prize was honored by chemist Otto Han. Meitner was nominated for a total of 48 times and never won it once.
Jocklin Bell Burnal There was a similar experience with the discovery of Pulsar, which is a type of neutron star. His discovery was recognized with the Nobel Prize in Physics, but the bell went to Berlel’s PhD Supervisor, Antony Hevish. That year’s award was shared between two men, Hevish and Martin Riles.,
Bell Bernelle’s decisive contribution was accepted internal but it was ignored by the Nobel Committee.
Both cases of Bell Bernell and Metner are considered an example of a structural loss that women still face in science.
6. Millions for a medal: Auction awards
The Nobel Prize is a special value for people beyond medal science.
Francis Cric’s Nobel Prize medal was auctioned by his successors after his death to pay tax in 2013. It moved more than $ 2 million (today Rafli € 1.7m).
Kric, along with James Watson and Maurice Wilkins, won a medal in 1962 to discover the DNA structure. The case is also an example of an unseen female researcher: Rosalind Franklin contributed significantly to reducing the DNA double helix structure, but in 1958 he died of ovarian cancer in only 37. His male colleague, especially Wilkins, had a stressful relationship with Franklin and was not accepted after awarding him in 1962.
In 2014, Watson therefore auctioned around $ 4.8 million from his Nobel Prize medal. Its new owner later awarded Watson.
7. Not so great science
The Nobel Prize has never been canceled – even when science proves wrong later.
There is a case Danish doctor Johannes FibigerWho received the Nobel Prize in Medicine for this discovery in 1926 that insects cause cancer. His science was later debated.
Antonio Egas Moniz A prize for its development of the lobotomy was awarded, a process in which the nerves in the frontal lobe of the brain are separated to treat mental illnesses. Moniz received the award in Medicine in 1949. Lobotomyse has long been considered bees ineffective and harmful.
Recently, a research paper by Nobel Prize winner, has been withdrawn, withdrew as a work by Greg Semenza (winning the award in Medicine in 2019), although the award has been in place.
Some prize winners have expressed suspicious, sometimes even after winning the Nobel Prize, the bizarre Rai: Linus Pauling (Chemistry in 1954; Peace in 1962) advocated the benefits of high dosage of vitamin C, which is against the examination of all diseases against all diseases examination. Kary Mullis (in 1993 Chemistry) promoted the principles of conspiracy about AIDS and reached the UFO’s believer. And William Shockle (Physics in 1956) attracted attention with racist and ejicic legs.
This article was the original published in German.