In northeastern Ivory Coast, along the border with Burkina Faso, tension has become a permanent reality. The jihadist threat spreading from the Sahel is no longer the only concern. A new danger has emerged: the Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland, or VDPs – auxiliary forces supporting the Burkinabé army. FRANCE 24’s Julia Guggenheim, Damien Koffi and M’ma Camara report.
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